The exhibition "Urban planning and administrative boundaries Hanoi Vietnam period 1873-1954" will open on Wednesday (16 / 8) at the Centre National Archives I (No. 18 Yen a central line, Cau Giay, Hanoi) and will last till the end.
68 maps and a text document on urban planning is on display historic importance for Hanoi.
The exhibition will showcase a number of original archival documents and some documents were first publicized. Viewers will have the opportunity to witness scenes from the streets of Hanoi called France, the image of Hanoi City to the planned expansion project in city history.
Perhaps to understand more about Hanoi today, as well as to the direction of building a new Hanoi in the future, people can not learn about the "class lang" in the past the planning of Hanoi.
"Being a European city"
Right from the colonial yoke located on the North States, the French were planning to question Hanoi. On 27/1/1886, the Council for the Protection of North Vietnam, the agency representing the power of the French colonial administration in Northern and Middle States was founded.
Government at its first meeting on 05.02.1886, chaired by Paul Bert, President-North Central States except the first, Protection Council has decided to establish a Committee of Hanoi City to perform an important task is to "make Hanoi become a European city."
For this purpose, the French began by identifying planning boundaries of Hanoi. Colonial Government has classified the city into two main areas for the European region and the natives.
On 11/5/1886, General Middle-Resident Ambassador Vial Northern Affairs signed Decision No 1 for the Northern District of mapping the city of Hanoi. The engineer of the Park have done their duty anywhere in the city, including in the area of land under private ownership of Europe as well as locals.
Next, France issued Decree initial delimitation of Hanoi. Accordingly, Hanoi began at that time the Department of Revenue (now the Vietnam Revolutionary Museum), through Blockhaus Nord (now part of northern blockhouse Pho Duc Chinh Street), Grand Bouddha road (now the Quan Thanh street ), roads surrounding city, Shanxi border extends to the way Phu Thanh Oai (Van Mieu Street, part of Quoc Tu Giam Street and part of Ton Duc Thang Street), Pagode des Corbeaux (Van Mieu-Quoc Tu Giam) , Born From Temple, Hue Road (now the city of Hue), of the Hue, the issue of geographical concession area until the Red River.
Hanoi Vietnam area is 1.220ha time - the picture can be seen as the smallest planning to Hanoi entering the modern era.
However, the regular meeting dated 10.06.1889 of the City Council, Director of Hanoi has said that "the current boundaries of the city is unclear, difficult to perceive, difficult to identify land and spent a few areas outside the city trade and industry. "
The city boundaries have been assigned, the East of the city is defined adjacent to the flow of the Red River north, west and south is defined by a line running from marker No. 1 to No. 15.
In addition to planning the administrative boundaries of Hanoi, the French focus on expanding the European area by decree start breaking down the wall paintings of land in the neighborhood Paul Bert (this is Trang Tien Street) in 1886 and the Decree prohibit the construction and painting walls to unload the land within 6 months in the region including what is now the city of Tran Hung Dao Street, Red River, Le Duan Street until the area of Hanoi.
"Planning board box"
Entering the 1895-1928 period and the next period under the French, the expansion of Hanoi has been carried out to form the reserves, green belts. Area in Ha Noi in 1901 was 1.300km2.
By the 1920s, the French focus on the planning of construction works. Notably, at this stage is the planning and construction of new development trends.
Besides the demand for use, the French are more interested in the aesthetic architecture of each home. Governor General of Indochina has used architects from France and the other colonies to design large projects in Hanoi and some other cities. In 1921, the Department of Architecture and Urban was established with the head of the architect Hebrard Enest.
Many documents are issued regulations for management and administration of the planning and construction in the city. Decree No. 91 dated 07/07/1921 of the Governor of Northern States envoy on new buildings in a street of Hanoi. Decree of 7 of the regulation "in the way of the 26 cities of Hanoi and all avenues are open on the land of the Company temples, from the Avenue Carnot (now the Phan Dinh Phung street) to the line Duvilliers ( This is Nguyen Thai Hoc), are only allowed to build European-style house, forbidden to build the house or host cell division. The number of users in each sleep up 1nguoi/25m2. "
In 1924, the urban planning by Hebrard Enest establish the basis for the management of urban areas (under French law Comudet). All construction must comply with the plan and must be coordinated to create urban space in balance with tightly composed, is symbolic, emphasizing key.
Look on a map can be seen: in addition to reorganizing the "36 streets," the city opened the new building as "the planning board box," made up the boulevard, these spacious streets that It is now evident in the "West neighborhood."
In addition to planning and improvement of streets, stone buildings scattered pavement, pavement markings, building sewer systems are a top priority. During this period, many projects are built style oriental architecture, represented the University of Indochina
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